Challenges to Path Integral Formulations of Quantum Theories

TL;DR

This paper discusses the difficulties faced in extending path integral formulations of quantum theories to include charge fractionalization phenomena.

Contribution

It highlights the specific challenge of integrating charge fractionalization into the path integral formalism of quantum theories.

Findings

Charge fractionalization remains difficult to incorporate into path integrals.

The paper identifies key obstacles in extending the formalism.

It suggests directions for future research.

Abstract

The functional integral has many triumphs in elucidating quantum theory. But incorporating charge fractionalization into that formalism remains a challenge.