Dipolar bosons in a planar array of one-dimensional tubes

TL;DR

This paper explores the quantum phases of dipolar bosons in a planar array of one-dimensional tubes, revealing transitions from Luttinger liquids to charge density wave orders, including stripe and checkerboard patterns, with experimental detection methods.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of phase transitions and ordering phenomena in dipolar bosonic systems confined to planar one-dimensional arrays, highlighting new quantum phases and experimental signatures.

Findings

Identification of a sliding Luttinger liquid phase.

Discovery of stripe and checkerboard charge density wave phases.

Proposals for experimental phase distinction methods.

Abstract

We investigate bosonic atoms or molecules interacting via dipolar interactions in a planar array of one-dimensional tubes. We consider the situation in which the dipoles are oriented perpendicular to the tubes by an external field. We find various quantum phases reaching from a `sliding Luttinger liquid' phase in which the tubes remain Luttinger liquids to a two-dimensional charge density wave ordered phase. Two different kinds of charge density wave order occur: a stripe phase in which the bosons in different tubes are aligned and a checkerboard phase. We further point out how to distinguish the occurring phases experimentally.