Anisotropic solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper predicts and confirms the existence of stable anisotropic bright solitons in quasi-2D dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with dipoles polarized perpendicular to the confinement, using a Gaussian variational approach and 3D simulations.

Contribution

It introduces a new class of anisotropic solitons in dipolar BECs with perpendicular polarization, without requiring sign reversal of dipole interactions.

Findings

Anisotropic bright solitons are predicted for dipoles polarized perpendicular to confinement.

3D simulations confirm the stability of these anisotropic solitons.

No sign reversal of dipole-dipole interaction is needed for soliton support.

Abstract

Starting with a Gaussian variational ansatz, we predict anisotropic bright solitons in quasi-2D Bose-Einstein condensates consisting of atoms with dipole moments polarized \emph{perpendicular} to the confinement direction. Unlike isotropic solitons predicted for the moments aligned with the confinement axis [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{95}, 200404 (2005)], no sign reversal of the dipole-dipole interaction is necessary to support the solitons. Direct 3D simulations confirm their stability.