Rectified dc voltage versus magnetic field in a superconducting asymmetric figure-of-eight-shaped microstructure

TL;DR

This study investigates the oscillatory behavior of rectified dc voltage in a superconducting asymmetric figure-of-eight microstructure under magnetic flux, revealing interactions between quantum states of the loops near the critical temperature.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed analysis of the Fourier spectra of V_{dc}(B) in such microstructures, highlighting loop interactions and harmonic generation.

Findings

Fundamental frequencies correspond to responses of individual loops.

Higher harmonics arise from non-sinusoidal circulating currents.

Interaction between loops is evidenced by sum and difference frequencies.

Abstract

We have measured periodic oscillations of rectified dc voltage versus magnetic field V_{dc}(B) in a superconducting aluminum thin-film circular-asymmetric figure-of-eight microstructure threaded by a magnetic flux and biased with a sinusoidal alternating current (without a dc component) near the critical temperature. The Fourier spectra of these V_{dc}(B) functions contain fundamental frequencies representing periodic responses of the larger and smaller asymmetric circular loops, composing the microstructure, to the magnetic field. The higher harmonics of the obtained fundamental frequencies result from the non-sinusoidal character of loop circulating currents. The presence of the difference and summation frequencies in these spectra points to the interaction between the quantum states of both loops. Magnitudes of the loop responses to the bias ac and magnetic field vary with temperature and the bias current amplitude, both in absolute values and with respect to each other. The strongest loop response appears when the average resistive state of the loop corresponds to the midpoint of the superconducting-normal phase transition.