Ostwald Ripening on Nanoscale

TL;DR

This paper critically examines the limitations of classical Ostwald ripening theory at the nanoscale and introduces a more general molecular theory that extends applicability to smaller clusters and lower supersaturation levels.

Contribution

It develops a new molecular theory of Ostwald ripening that generalizes classical theories and is better suited for nanoscale systems.

Findings

Classical Lifshitz-Slyozov theory is limited for nanometer-scale clusters.

The new molecular theory reproduces classical theories in extreme cases.

The proposed theory is more applicable at lower supersaturation levels.

Abstract

Applicability of classical Lifshitz-Slyozov theory of Ostwald ripening is analyzed and found limited by relatively large cluster sizes due to restrictions imposed by theoretical assumptions. An assumption about the steady state ripening regime poses an upper limit, while another, implicit assumption of continuous description poses a cluster size-dependent lower limit on the supersaturation level. These two limits mismatch for the clusters under certain size in the nanometer scale making the theory inapplicable. We present a more generic, molecular theory of Ostwald ripening, which reproduces classical Lifshitz-Slyozov and Wagner theories in appropriate extreme cases. This theory has a wider applicability than classical theories, especially at lower supersaturation levels, and is more suitable for nanoscale systems.