Quantitative Calculation of the Spatial Extension of the Kondo Cloud
Gerd Bergmann
TL;DR
This paper calculates the spatial extent of the Kondo cloud by analyzing s-electron polarization in impurity ground states, revealing the cloud's size is inversely related to the Kondo energy.
Contribution
It introduces a method to quantitatively determine the Kondo cloud's size using the Wilson basis and polarization analysis.
Findings
The Kondo cloud's linear extension is inversely proportional to the Kondo energy.
The polarization cloud disappears when the singlet state is broken.
The approach uses free electron waves with linear dispersion in the Wilson basis.
Abstract
The internal s-electron polarization in the ground state of a Friedel-Anderson and a Kondo impurity is calculated. The Wilson basis with exponentially fine energies close to the Fermi level is used and expressed in terms of free electron waves with linear energy-momentum dispersion. It is found that in the singlet state the magnetic moment of the d-electron is screened by an s-electron cloud. The linear extension of the cloud is inversely proportional to the Kondo energy. When the singlet state is destroyed the polarization cloud is absent.
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