Dephasing in quantum chaotic transport: a semiclassical approach

TL;DR

This paper studies how dephasing affects quantum transport in chaotic conductors using semiclassical theory, revealing exponential suppression of weak localization and dependence on the dephasing source, with implications for shot noise and electron interactions.

Contribution

It introduces a semiclassical framework to analyze dephasing effects in chaotic quantum transport, highlighting the role of different dephasing sources and their impact on weak localization suppression.

Findings

Weak localization is exponentially suppressed by dephasing.

Dephasing parameter depends on the source, involving Ehrenfest time or correlation length.

Shot noise Fano factor remains unaffected by decoherence.

Abstract

We investigate the effect of dephasing/decoherence on quantum transport through open chaotic ballistic conductors in the semiclassical limit of small Fermi wavelength to system size ratio, $\lambda_F/L << 1$. We use the trajectory-based semiclassical theory to study a two-terminal chaotic dot with decoherence originating from: (i) an external closed quantum chaotic environment, (ii) a classical source of noise, (iii) a voltage probe, i.e. an additional current-conserving terminal. We focus on the pure dephasing regime, where the coupling to the external source of dephasing is so weak that it does not induce energy relaxation. In addition to the universal algebraic suppression of weak localization, we find an exponential suppression of weak-localization $\propto \exp[-\tilde{\tau}/\tau_\phi]$, with the dephasing rate $\tau_\phi^{-1}$. The parameter $\tilde{\tau}$ depends strongly on the source of dephasing. For a voltage probe, $\tilde{\tau}$ is of order the Ehrenfest time $\propto \ln [L/\lambda_F ]$. In contrast, for a chaotic environment or a classical source of noise, it has the correlation length $\xi$ of the coupling/noise potential replacing the Fermi wavelength $\lambda_F $. We explicitly show that the Fano factor for shot noise is unaffected by decoherence. We connect these results to earlier works on dephasing due to electron-electron interactions, and numerically confirm our findings.