Cosmological Studies with Radio Galaxies and Supernovae

TL;DR

This study uses extended radio galaxies as standard rulers to constrain cosmological parameters, comparing results with supernova data, and finds consistent results supporting a cosmological constant model with strong constraints on dark energy.

Contribution

Introduces an expanded sample of radio galaxies for cosmological measurements and compares their effectiveness with supernovae, strengthening the use of radio galaxies as standard rulers.

Findings

Radio galaxy and supernova data yield consistent cosmological parameters.

Combined data sets provide strong constraints on dark energy models.

Results favor a cosmological constant with omega less than about 0.35.

Abstract

Physical sizes of extended radio galaxies can be employed as a cosmological "standard ruler", using a previously developed method. Eleven new radio galaxies are added to our previous sample of nineteen sources, forming a sample of thirty objects with redshifts between 0 and 1.8. This sample of radio galaxies are used to obtain the best fit cosmological parameters in a quintessence model in a spatially flat universe, a cosmological constant model that allows for non-zero space curvature, and a rolling scalar field model in a spatially flat universe. Results obtained with radio galaxies are compared with those obtained with different supernova samples, and with combined radio galaxy and supernova samples. Results obtained with different samples are consistent, suggesting that neither method is seriously affected by systematic errors. Best fit radio galaxy and supernovae model parameters determined in the different cosmological models are nearly identical, and are used to determine dimensionless coordinate distances to supernovae and radio galaxies, and distance moduli to the radio galaxies. The distance moduli to the radio galaxies can be combined with supernovae samples to increase the number of sources, particularly high-redshift sources, in the samples. The constraints obtained here with the combined radio galaxy plus supernovae data set in the rolling scalar field model are quite strong. The best fit parameter values suggest a value of omega is less than about 0.35, and the model parameter alpha is close to zero; that is, a cosmological constant provides a good description of the data. We also obtain new constraints on the physics of engines that power the large-scale radio emission.