Probing Elemental Abundances in SNR 1987A Using XMM-Newton

TL;DR

This study analyzes XMM-Newton observations of SNR 1987A, revealing changes in emission line fluxes, elemental abundances, and implications for the supernova's progenitor models.

Contribution

It provides new measurements of elemental abundances and plasma conditions in SNR 1987A using a two-shock non-equilibrium ionization model.

Findings

Fluxes of 11 emission lines increased by factors of 3 to 10.

Detected 6 previously unreported Fe XVII and Fe XVIII lines.

O, Ne, Mg, and Fe are under-abundant; Si and S are over-abundant relative to LMC values.

Abstract

We report on the latest (2007 Jan) observations of supernova remnant (SNR) 1987A from the XMM-Newton mission. Since the 2003 May observations of Haberl et al. (2006), 11 emission lines have experienced increases in flux by factors ~ 3 to 10, with the 775 eV line of O VIII showing the greatest increase; we have observed 6 lines of Fe XVII and Fe XVIII previously unreported by XMM-Newton. A two-shock model representing plasmas in non-equilibrium ionization is fitted to the EPIC-pn spectra, yielding temperatures of ~ 0.4 and ~ 3 keV, as well as elemental abundances for N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S and Fe. We demonstrate that the abundance ratio of N and O can be constrained to less than ~20% accuracy. Within the same confidence interval, the same analysis suggests that the C+N+O abundance varies from ~ 1.1 to 1.4 X 10^-4. Normalizing our obtained abundances by the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) values of Hughes, Hayashi & Koyama (1998), we find that O, Ne, Mg and Fe are under-abundant, while Si and S are over-abundant, consistent with the findings of Aschenbach (2007). Such a result has implications for both the single-star and binary accretion/merger models for the progenitor of SNR 1987A. In the context of the binary merger scenario proposed by Morris & Podsiadlowski (2006, 2007), material forming the inner, equatorial ring was expelled after the merger, implying that either our derived Fe abundance is inconsistent with typical LMC values or that iron is under-abundant at the site of the progenitor star of SNR 1987A.