Outflowing atomic and molecular gas at $z \sim 0.67$ towards 1504+377

TL;DR

This paper reports the detection of atomic and molecular gas outflows at redshift 0.67 towards quasar 1504+377, revealing a jet-cloud interaction and small-scale gas structure with implications for galaxy feedback processes.

Contribution

It presents the first detection of outflowing atomic and molecular gas at this redshift, highlighting the role of jet-cloud interactions in quasar environments.

Findings

Atomic and molecular outflows extend over 600 km/s velocity range.

Mass outflow rate is approximately 12 solar masses per year.

High HCO$^+$ to OH ratio suggests small-scale gas structure and variability.

Abstract

We report the detection of OH 1667 MHz and wide HI 21cm absorption at $z \sim 0.67$ towards the red quasar 1504+377, with the Green Bank Telescope and the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The HI 21cm absorption extends over a velocity range of $\sim 600$ km/s blueward of the quasar redshift ($z=0.674$), with the new OH 1667 MHz absorption component at $\sim -430$ \kms, nearly coincident with earlier detections of mm-wave absorption at $z \sim 0.6715$. The atomic and molecular absorption appear to arise from a fast gas outflow from the quasar, with a mass outflow rate ${\dot M} \sim 12 M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ and a molecular hydrogen fraction $f_{\rm H_2} \equiv (N_{\rm H_2}/N_{\rm HI}) \sim 0.2$. The radio structure of 1504+377 is consistent with the outflow arising due to a jet-cloud interaction, followed by rapid cooling of the cloud material. The observed ratio of HCO$^+$ to OH column densities is $\sim 20$ times higher than typical values in Galactic and high-$z$ absorbers. This could arise due to small-scale structure in the outflowing gas on sub-parsec scales, which would also explain the observed variability in the HI 21cm line.