The Environment of M85 optical transient 2006-1: constraints on the progenitor age and mass

TL;DR

This study uses Hubble images and spectral analysis to constrain the progenitor's age and mass of the luminous transient M85 OT 2006-1, shedding light on its mysterious nature.

Contribution

It provides new constraints on the progenitor's age and mass, linking stellar environment analysis with transient event characterization.

Findings

Progenitor was not in a star-forming region.

Progenitor's brightness limits imply age >50 Myr and mass <7 solar masses.

If associated with the galaxy's mean stellar age, progenitor mass is <2 solar masses.

Abstract

M85 optical transient 2006-1 (M85 OT 2006-1) is the most luminous member of the small family of V838 Mon-like objects, whose nature is still a mystery. This event took place in the Virgo cluster of galaxies and peaked at an absolute magnitude of I~-13. Here we present Hubble Space Telescope images of M85 OT 2006-1 and its environment, taken before and after the eruption, along with a spectrum of the host galaxy at the transient location. We find that the progenitor of M85 OT 2006-1 was not associated with any star forming region. The g and z-band absolute magnitudes of the progenitor were fainter than about -4 and -6 mag, respectively. Therefore, we can set a lower limit of ~50 Myr on the age of the youngest stars at the location of the progenitor that corresponds to a mass of <7 solar mass. Previously published line indices suggest that M85 has a mean stellar age of 1.6+/-0.3 Gyr. If this mean age is representative of the progenitor of M85 OT 2006-1, then we can further constrain its mass to be less than 2 solar mass. We compare the energetics and mass limit derived for the M85 OT 2006-1 progenitor with those expected from a simple model of violent stellar mergers. Combined with further modeling, these new clues may ultimately reveal the true nature of these puzzling events.