Two-dimensional multisolitons and azimuthons in Bose-Einstein condensates with attraction

TL;DR

This paper explores stable two-dimensional multisolitons and azimuthons in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates, analyzing their stability through linear methods and numerical simulations, revealing conditions for their stability.

Contribution

It introduces and analyzes the stability of 2D multisolitons and azimuthons in attractive BECs, including the stability criteria for rotating dipole solitons.

Findings

Rotating dipole solitons are stable at low atom numbers.

Stability confirmed via numerical simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.

Spatially localized multisolitons and azimuthons exist in 2D attractive BECs.

Abstract

We present spatially localized nonrotating and rotating (azimuthon) multisolitons in the two-dimensional (2D) ("pancake-shaped configuration") Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with attractive interaction. By means of a linear stability analysis, we investigate the stability of these structures and show that rotating dipole solitons are stable provided that the number of atoms is small enough. The results were confirmed by direct numerical simulations of the 2D Gross-Pitaevskii equation.