Stripe Formation in Fermionic Atoms on 2-D Optical Lattice inside a Box Trap: DMRG Studies for Repulsive Hubbard Model with Open Boundary Condition

TL;DR

This study uses DMRG to analyze stripe formation in the 2D Hubbard model with a box trap, revealing universal stripe patterns at low doping and their evolution with interaction strength and doping.

Contribution

It demonstrates that a box-shaped trap allows observation of intrinsic Hubbard model properties and uncovers the transition from stripe to Friedel oscillations with doping.

Findings

Stripe formation is universal at low doping.

Stripe structure varies with U/t and doping.

Stripe by hole pairs can turn into bi-hole pairs.

Abstract

We suggest that box shape trap enables to observe intrinsic properties of the repulsive Hubbard model in a fixed doping in contrast to the harmonic trap bringing about spatial variations of atom density profiles. In order to predict atomic density profile under the box trap, we apply the directly-extended density-matrix renormalization group method to 4-leg repulsive Hubbard model with the open boundary condition. Consequently, we find that stripe formation is universal in a low hole doping range and the stripe sensitively changes its structure with variations of $U/t$ and the doping rate. A remarkable change is that a stripe formed by a hole pair turns to one by a bi-hole pair when entering a limited strong $U/t$ range. Furthermore, a systematic calculation reveals that the Hubbard model shows a change from the stripe to the Friedel like oscillation with increasing the doping rate.