GHASP : an H alpha kinematic survey of spiral and irregular galaxies. V. Dark matter distribution in 36 nearby spiral galaxies

TL;DR

This study uses high-resolution H alpha velocity fields combined with HI data to analyze the dark matter distribution in 36 nearby spiral galaxies, revealing a preference for constant density cores over cuspy profiles.

Contribution

It provides new high-resolution kinematic data and compares different dark matter halo models, supporting the existence of constant density cores across various galaxy types.

Findings

Dark matter halos favor constant density cores over cuspy profiles.

Small core radius halos have higher central densities across galaxy types.

Halo surface density is nearly constant regardless of galaxy type.

Abstract

The results obtained from a study of the mass distribution of 36 spiral galaxies are presented. The galaxies were observed using Fabry-Perot interferometry as part of the GHASP survey. The main aim of obtaining high resolution H alpha 2D velocity fields is to define more accurately the rising part of the rotation curves which should allow to better constrain the parameters of the mass distribution. The H alpha velocities were combined with low resolution HI data from the literature, when available. Combining the kinematical data with photometric data, mass models were derived from these rotation curves using two different functional forms for the halo: an isothermal sphere and an NFW profile. For the galaxies already modeled by other authors, the results tend to agree. Our results point at the existence of a constant density core in the center of the dark matter halos rather than a cuspy core, whatever the type of the galaxy from Sab to Im. This extends to all types the result already obtained by other authors studying dwarf and LSB galaxies but would necessitate a larger sample of galaxies to conclude more strongly. Whatever model is used (ISO or NFW), small core radius halos have higher central densities, again for all morphological types. We confirm different halo scaling laws, such as the correlations between the core radius and the central density of the halo with the absolute magnitude of a galaxy: low luminosity galaxies have small core radius and high central density. We find that the product of the central density with the core radius of the dark matter halo is nearly constant, whatever the model and whatever the absolute magnitude of the galaxy. This suggests that the halo surface density is independent from the galaxy type.