Comparison of bar strengths in optical and near-infrared for the OSUBSGS sample

TL;DR

This study compares optical and near-infrared bar strengths in galaxies using a gravitational torque method, assessing its reliability for high-redshift observations and finding consistent results despite wavelength differences.

Contribution

It demonstrates that the gravitational bar torque method reliably measures bar strengths across different wavelengths and at high redshifts, accounting for observational challenges.

Findings

Average bar strength ratio Q_B/H= 1.25, nearly independent of morphology.

Q_B/H > 1 mainly due to reduced bulge dilution in B-band.

Bar torque method remains effective with image degradation at high redshift.

Abstract

We use a gravitational bar torque method to compare bar strengths (the maximum tangential force normalized by radial force) in B and H-band images of 152 galaxies from the Ohio State University Bright Spiral Galaxy Survey. Our main motivation is to check how much the difference in the rest-frame wavelength could affect comparisons of bar strengths in low and high redshift observations. Between these two bands we find an average bar strength ratio Q_B/H= 1.25 which factor is nearly independent of the morphological type. We show that Q_B/H > 1 is mostly due to reduced bulge dilution of radial forces in the B-band. The bar torque method needs an estimate for the vertical scale height of the galaxy, based on the radial scale length of the disk and the galaxy's morphological type. Since these two might not always be possible to determine at high redshifts in a reliable manner, we also checked that similar results are obtained with vertical scale heights estimated from the radii corresponding to the K-band surface brightness of 20 mag/arcsec^2. Also, we made a simple test of the usability of the bar torque method at high redshifts by checking the effects of image degradation (nearest neighbour sampling without any adjustment of noise levels): we found that the estimated bar strengths varied by +/- 10% at most as long as the total extent of the bar was at least 10 pixels. Overall, we show that the gravitational bar torque method should provide a proficient tool for quantifying bar strengths also at high redshifts.