Three-Dimensional Observations of H_2 Emission around Sgr A East - I. Structure in the Central 10 Parsecs of Our Galaxy

TL;DR

This study uses velocity-resolved H_2 emission spectra to map the three-dimensional structure of the central 10 parsecs of the Galaxy, revealing interactions between Sgr A East and surrounding molecular clouds and suggesting possible infall into the nucleus.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed 3D mapping of the Sgr A East region using H_2 emission, refining the understanding of its interaction with molecular clouds.

Findings

The Sgr A East boundary is an ellipse offset from Sgr A*.

H_2 emission traces the shock front consistent with the dust ring.

Evidence suggests direct contact and potential infall of molecular material into the nucleus.

Abstract

We have obtained velocity-resolved spectra of the H_2 v=1-0 S(1) (lambda = 2.1218 micron) emission line at 2 arcsec angular resolution (or 0.08 pc spatial resolution) in four regions within the central 10 pc of the Galaxy where the supernova-like remnant Sgr A East is colliding with molecular clouds. To investigate the kinematic, physical, and positional relationships between the important gaseous components in the center, we compared the H_2 data cube with previously published NH_3 data. The projected interaction-boundary of Sgr A East is determined to be an ellipse with its center offset 1.5 pc from Sgr A* and dimensions of 10.8 pc X 7.6 pc. This H_2 boundary is larger than the synchrotron emission shell but consistent with the dust ring which is believed to trace the shock front of Sgr A East. Since Sgr A East is driving shocks into its nearby molecular clouds, we can determine their positional relationships using the shock directions as indicators. As a result, we suggest a revised model for the three-dimensional structure of the central 10 pc. The actual contact between Sgr A East and all of the surrounding molecular material, including the circum-nuclear disk and the southern streamer, makes the hypothesis of infall into the nucleus and feeding of Sgr A* very likely.