Habitability of Planets in Binaries

TL;DR

This paper investigates the potential for habitable Earth-like planets to form and remain stable in binary star systems, especially those hosting giant planets, through a survey of system parameters and formation conditions.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive analysis of planet formation in binary systems with giant planets, highlighting regions conducive to habitable planet stability.

Findings

Certain binary configurations support stable, habitable Earth-like planets.

Binary separation influences the likelihood of habitable planet formation.

Giant planets in binaries can coexist with potentially habitable Earth-like planets.

Abstract

A survey of currently known extrasolar planets indicates that close to 20% of their hosting stars are members of binary systems. While the majority of these binaries are wide (i.e., with separations between 250 and 6500 AU), the detection of Jovian-type planets in the three binaries of Gamma Cephei (separation of 18.5 AU), GL 86 (separation of 21 AU), and HD 41004 (separation of 23 AU) have brought to the forefront questions on the formation of giant planets and the possibility of the existence of smaller bodies in moderately close binary star systems. This paper discusses the late stage of the formation of habitable planets in binary systems that host Jovian-type bodies, and reviews the effects of the binary companion on the formation of Earth-like planets in the system's habitable zone. The results of a large survey of the parameter-space of binary-planetary systems in search of regions where habitable planets can form and have long-term stable orbits are also presented.