Quantum Auctions: Facts and Myths

TL;DR

This paper explores the concept of quantum auctions, discussing their theoretical models, potential advantages like enhanced privacy and solution algorithms, and practical considerations for implementation and market potential.

Contribution

It introduces the idea of quantum auctions, compares different models, and analyzes their advantages, challenges, and potential for real-world application.

Findings

Quantum auctions can enhance privacy through quantum strategies.

Simulations with humans demonstrate feasibility.

Optical technology may enable near-term experimental realization.

Abstract

Quantum game theory, whatever opinions may be held due to its abstract physical formalism, have already found various applications even outside the orthodox physics domain. In this paper we introduce the concept of a quantum auction, its advantages and drawbacks. Then we describe the models that have already been put forward. A general model involves Wigner formalism and infinite dimensional Hilbert spaces - we envisage that the implementation might not be an easy task. But a restricted model advocated by the Hewlett-Packard group seems to be much easier to implement. Simulations involving humans have already been performed. We will focus on problems related to combinatorial auctions and technical assumptions that are made. Quantum approach offers at least two important developments. Powerful quantum algorithms for finding solutions would extend the range of possible applications. Quantum strategies, being qubits, can be teleported but are immune from cloning - therefore extreme privacy of agent's activity could in principle be guaranteed. Then we point out some key problem that have to be solved before commercial use would be possible. With present technology, optical networks, single photon sources and detectors seems to be sufficient for experimental realization in the near future. We conclude by describing potential customers, estimating the potential market size and possible timing.