Two-proton radioactivity

TL;DR

This review paper summarizes the experimental discoveries and theoretical understanding of two-proton radioactivity, including ground and excited state emissions, and discusses future research directions in this field.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of experimental results and modern theories of two-proton radioactivity, highlighting recent advances and future prospects.

Findings

Experimental confirmation of two-proton radioactivity from ground states.

Observation of two-proton emission from excited states.

Integration of experimental data with modern theoretical models.

Abstract

In the first part of the present review paper, experimental results which lead to the discovery of two-proton radioactivity are reviewed. Beyond two-proton emission from nuclear ground states, we also discuss experimental studies of two-proton emission from excited states populated either by nuclear beta decay or by inelastic reactions. In the second part, we review the modern theory of two-proton radioactivity. An outlook to future experimental studies and theoretical developments will conclude this review.