Comparative study of nonlinear properties of EEG signals of a normal person and an epileptic patient

TL;DR

This study compares nonlinear properties of EEG signals from normal and epileptic individuals using surrogate analysis, probability distribution, and Hurst exponent, revealing distinct long-term correlation patterns in epileptic brains.

Contribution

It introduces the use of Hurst exponent to effectively differentiate between normal and epileptic brain activity in EEG signals.

Findings

Epileptic brain activity is long-term anticorrelated.

Normal brain activity is more stochastic and uncorrelated.

Hurst exponent effectively characterizes brain states.

Abstract

Background: Investigation of the functioning of the brain in living systems has been a major effort amongst scientists and medical practitioners. Amongst the various disorder of the brain, epilepsy has drawn the most attention because this disorder can affect the quality of life of a person. In this paper we have reinvestigated the EEGs for normal and epileptic patients using surrogate analysis, probability distribution function and Hurst exponent. Results: Using random shuffled surrogate analysis, we have obtained some of the nonlinear features that was obtained by Andrzejak \textit{et al.} [Phys Rev E 2001, 64:061907], for the epileptic patients during seizure. Probability distribution function shows that the activity of an epileptic brain is nongaussian in nature. Hurst exponent has been shown to be useful to characterize a normal and an epileptic brain and it shows that the epileptic brain is long term anticorrelated whereas, the normal brain is more or less stochastic. Among all the techniques, used here, Hurst exponent is found very useful for characterization different cases. Conclusions: In this article, differences in characteristics for normal subjects with eyes open and closed, epileptic subjects during seizure and seizure free intervals have been shown mainly using Hurst exponent. The H shows that the brain activity of a normal man is uncorrelated in nature whereas, epileptic brain activity shows long range anticorrelation.