Quantum Spin Dynamics of Mode-Squeezed Luttinger Liquids in Two-Component Atomic Gases

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates the experimental observation of phase dynamics in two-component ultracold bosonic gases, revealing non-equilibrium quantum behavior modeled by a Luttinger liquid in a multimode squeezed state.

Contribution

It introduces a novel experimental approach combining Ramsey interferometry and a many-body echo to study non-equilibrium dynamics in 1D quantum gases.

Findings

Observation of phase diffusive spin dynamics near a Feshbach resonance

System evolution accurately described by a Luttinger liquid model

Probing of non-equilibrium quantum evolution in 1D systems

Abstract

We report on the observation of the phase dynamics of interacting one-dimensional ultracold bosonic gases with two internal degrees of freedom. By controlling the non-linear atomic interactions close to a Feshbach resonance we are able to induce a phase diffusive many-body spin dynamics. We monitor this dynamical evolution by Ramsey interferometry, supplemented by a novel, many-body echo technique. We find that the time evolution of the system is well described by a Luttinger liquid initially prepared in a multimode squeezed state. Our approach allows us to probe the non-equilibrium evolution of one-dimensional many-body quantum systems.