Wind and boundary layers in Rayleigh-Benard convection. I: analysis and modeling

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the processes controlling the wind in Rayleigh-Benard convection through direct simulations and develops a simple coupled model that captures the wind's behavior and its dependence on Rayleigh number.

Contribution

It introduces a novel model based on DNS results that describes the wind dynamics and its interaction with temperature and turbulence in Rayleigh-Benard convection.

Findings

Horizontal heat fluxes inside the boundary layer drive the wind.

The wind formation is due to positive feedback between wind and temperature.

The model reproduces the Ra dependence of wind Reynolds number.

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding and to model the processes controlling the amplitude of the wind of Rayleigh-Benard convection. We analyze results from direct simulation of an L/H = 4 aspect-ratio domain with periodic sidewalls at Ra = 1e5; 1e6; 1e7; 1e8 and at Pr = 1 by decomposing independent realizations into wind and fluctuations. It is shown that deep inside the thermal boundary layer, horizontal heat-fuxes exceed the average vertical heat-fux by a factor 3 due to the interaction between the wind and the mean temperature field. These large horizontal heat-fluxes are responsible for spatial temperature differences that drive the wind by creating pressure gradients. The wall fluxes and turbulent mixing in the bulk provide damping. Using the DNS results to parameterise the unclosed terms, a simple model capturing the essential processes governing the wind structure is derived. The model consists of two coupled differential equations for wind velocity and temperature amplitude. The equations indicate that the formation of a wind structure is inevitable due to the positive feedback resulting from the interaction between the wind and temperature field. Furthermore, the wind velocity is largely determined by the turbulence in the bulk rather than by the wall-shear stress. The model reproduces the Ra dependence of wind Reynolds number and temperature amplitude.