Spin-charge separation in a strongly correlated spin-polarized chain

TL;DR

This paper develops a phenomenological theory combining path-integral formalism and bosonization to describe spin-charge dynamics in 1D ferromagnetic systems with strong repulsion, revealing a new universality class.

Contribution

It introduces a novel effective theory for 1D ferromagnetic systems that incorporates spin-charge coupling and spin-wave effects, expanding understanding beyond traditional Luttinger liquids.

Findings

Dynamic spin structure suppresses the plasmon peak in single-particle propagator.

The theory captures both trapped spin and propagating spin-wave regimes.

Provides a new universality class for 1D ferromagnetic systems.

Abstract

We combine the first-quantized path-integral formalism and bosonization to develop a phenomenological theory for spin-charge coupled dynamics in one-dimensional (1D) ferromagnetic systems with strong interparticle repulsion, at low temperatures. We assume an effective spin-charge separation and retain the standard Luttinger-liquid plasmon branch, which is explicitly coupled to a ferromagnetic spin-wave texture with a quadratic dispersion. The dynamic spin structure severely suppresses the plasmon peak in the single-particle propagator, in both fermionic and bosonic systems. Our analysis provides an effective theory for the new universality class of 1D ferromagnetic systems, capturing both the trapped spin and propagating spin-wave regimes of the long-time behavior.