Where is the pseudoscalar glueball ?

TL;DR

This paper investigates the composition of higher-mass pseudoscalar mesons, proposing a decuplet model that includes a glueball state, and identifies the 405 as a glueball-dominant candidate based on an algebraic approach.

Contribution

It introduces a novel algebraic method to analyze the pseudoscalar meson decuplet and identifies the 405 as a likely glueball-dominant state.

Findings

405 is identified as a glueball-dominant meson.

The decuplet model includes a glueball as a basis state.

Similarity between pseudoscalar and scalar meson spectra is observed.

Abstract

The pseudoscalar mesons with the masses higher than 1 GeV are assumed to belong to the meson decuplet including the glueball as the basis state supplementing the standard $SU(3)_F$ nonet of light $q\bar{q}$ states $(u,d,s)$. The decuplet is investigated by means of an algebraic approach based on hypothesis of vanishing the exotic $SU(3)_F$ commutators of "charges" and their time derivatives. These commutators result in a system of equations determining contents of the isoscalar octet state in the physical isoscalar mesons as well as the mass formula including all masses of the decuplet: $\pi(1300)$, K(1460), $\eta(1295)$, $\eta(1405)$ and $\eta(1475)$. The physical isoscalar mesons $\eta_i$, are expressed as superpositions of the "ideal" $q\bar{q}$ states ($N$ and $S$) and the glueball $G$ with the mixing coefficient matrix following from the exotic commutator restrictions. Among four one-parameter families of the calculated mixing matrix (numerous solutions result from bad quality of data on the $\pi(1300)$ and K(1460) masses) there is one family attributing the glueball-dominant composition to the $\eta(1405)$ meson. Similarity between the pseudoscalar and scalar decuplets, analogy between the whole spectra of the $0^{-+}$ and $0^{++}$ mesons and affinity of the glueball with excited $q\bar{q}$ states are also noticed.