Schwinger Mechanism for Gluon Pair Production in the Presence of Arbitrary Time Dependent Chromo-Electric Field

TL;DR

This paper derives an exact formula for gluon pair production in arbitrary time-dependent chromo-electric fields, showing it depends only on the field's magnitude and not its derivatives, which is relevant for quark-gluon plasma studies.

Contribution

It provides a novel exact expression for non-perturbative gluon pair production in arbitrary time-dependent fields, extending previous constant-field results.

Findings

Gluon pair production rate is independent of all time derivatives of the chromo-electric field.

The rate depends only on the field's magnitude and specific invariants.

The result applies to non-perturbative quark-gluon plasma formation at RHIC and LHC.

Abstract

We study Schwinger mechanism for gluon pair production in the presence of arbitrary time-dependent chromo-electric background field $E^a(t)$ with arbitrary color index $a$=1,2,...8 in SU(3) by directly evaluating the path integral. We obtain an exact expression for the probability of non-perturbative gluon pair production per unit time per unit volume and per unit transverse momentum $\frac{dW}{d^4x d^2p_T}$ from arbitrary $E^a(t)$. We show that the tadpole (or single gluon) effective action does not contribute to the non-perturbative gluon pair production rate $\frac{dW}{d^4x d^2p_T}$. We find that the exact result for non-perturbative gluon pair production is independent of all the time derivatives $\frac{d^nE^a(t)}{dt^n}$ where $n=1,2,....\infty$ and has the same functional dependence on two casimir invariants $[E^a(t)E^a(t)]$ and $[d_{abc}E^a(t)E^b(t)E^c(t)]^2$ as the constant chromo-electric field $E^a$ result with the replacement: $E^a \to E^a(t)$. This result may be relevant to study the production of a non-perturbative quark-gluon plasma at RHIC and LHC.