TL;DR
This paper extends the knot model by introducing scalar trefoils with specific electric charges, proposing their role in particle mass spectra and suggesting experimental searches for charged scalars.
Contribution
It introduces scalar trefoils into the knot model, classifying them as doublets with distinct hypercharges and exploring their implications for particle masses.
Findings
Four scalar trefoils with specific electric charges identified
Charged scalars could influence fermion mass spectrum
Model suggests experimental search for charged scalars
Abstract
The knot model is extended by assuming that the trefoils are realized as either chiral fermions or as scalar bosons. There are then four scalar trefoils with electric charges (0, -1,2/3,-1/3) that may be classified in the same way as the chiral fermions: as two isotopic doublets where the two doublets have different hypercharge and the two members of the doublets have different t_3. Only the neutral scalar plays the role of the standard Higgs in fixing the mass ratios of the vector bosons, wile the charged scalars, in addition to having the usual electromagnetic interactions of scalar particles, fix the mass spectrum of the fermions. The extended model would suggest a search for the charged scalars.
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Taxonomy
TopicsBlack Holes and Theoretical Physics · Superconducting Materials and Applications · Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies