Quenching Dynamics of a quantum XY spin-1/2 chain in presence of a transverse field

TL;DR

This paper investigates the non-adiabatic quantum dynamics of a 1D anisotropic XY spin-1/2 chain under slow quenches, revealing defect scaling laws and entropy behavior related to quantum critical points.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of anisotropic quenching, compares it with transverse quenching, and uncovers unique defect scaling and entropy features near critical and multicritical points.

Findings

Defect density scales as 1/√τ, supporting the Kibble-Zurek mechanism.

An additional non-adiabatic transition occurs in anisotropic quenching.

Defect density scales as 1/τ^{1/6} at multicritical points.

Abstract

We study the quantum dynamics of a one-dimensional spin-1/2 anisotropic XY model in a transverse field when the transverse field or the anisotropic interaction is quenched at a slow but uniform rate. The two quenching schemes are called transverse and anisotropic quenching respectively. Our emphasis in this paper is on the anisotropic quenching scheme and we compare the results with those of the other scheme. In the process of anisotropic quenching, the system crosses all the quantum critical lines of the phase diagram where the relaxation time diverges. The evolution is non-adiabatic in the time interval when the parameters are close to their critical values, and is adiabatic otherwise. The density of defects produced due to non-adiabatic transitions is calculated by mapping the many-particle system to an equivalent Landau-Zener problem and is generally found to vary as $1/\sqrt{\tau}$, where $\tau$ is the characteristic time scale of quenching, a scenario that supports the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. Interestingly, in the case of anisotropic quenching, there exists an additional non-adiabatic transition, in comparison to the transverse quenching case, with the corresponding probability peaking at an incommensurate value of the wave vector. In the special case in which the system passes through a multi-critical point, the defect density is found to vary as $1/\tau^{1/6}$. The von Neumann entropy of the final state is shown to maximize at a quenching rate around which the ordering of the final state changes from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic.