Many-body quantum coherence and interaction blockade in Josephson-linked Bose-Einstein condensates

TL;DR

This paper investigates many-body quantum coherence and interaction blockade phenomena in Josephson-linked Bose-Einstein condensates, revealing new effects in asymmetric and small systems, and potential for single-atom device applications.

Contribution

It introduces universal operators for characterizing many-body coherence regardless of system symmetry or particle number, and uncovers novel phenomena in asymmetric and small condensate systems.

Findings

Coherence fluctuations are suppressed in asymmetric systems when |E_C/E_J|<<1.

Resonant tunneling and interaction blockade occur at large |E_C/E_J|.

Self-trapped states cause anomalous behavior at finite temperatures.

Abstract

We study many-body quantum coherence and interaction blockade in two Josephson-linked Bose-Einstein condensates. We introduce universal operators for characterizing many-body coherence without limitations on the system symmetry and total particle number $N$. We reproduce the results for both coherence fluctuations and number squeezing in {\em symmetric} systems of large $N$, and reveal several peculiar phenomena that may occur in {\em asymmetric} systems and systems of small $N$. For asymmetric systems, we show that, due to an interplay between asymmetry and inter-particle interaction, the coherence fluctuations are suppressed dramatically when $|E_{C}/E_{J}|\ll 1$, and both {\it resonant tunneling} and {\it interaction blockade} take place for large values of $|E_{C}/E_{J}|$, where $E_C$ and $E_J$ are the interaction and tunneling energies, respectively. We emphasize that the resonant tunneling and interaction blockade may allow creating single-atom devices with promising technology applications. We demonstrate that for the systems at finite temperatures the formation of self-trapped states causes an anomalous behavior.