About Bianchi I with VSL

TL;DR

This paper investigates Bianchi I cosmological models with variable G, c, and Lambda, analyzing different symmetry methods and their implications for the evolution of these parameters in an accelerating universe.

Contribution

It compares symmetry-based techniques for solving variable G, c, and Lambda models, highlighting the importance of c-effects in certain approaches and deriving conditions for their behavior.

Findings

c(t) is a growing function over time

Lambda(t) decreases with time depending on the equation of state

G(t) can increase or decrease based on parameters

Abstract

In this paper we study how to attack, through different techniques, a perfect fluid Bianchi I model with variable G,c and Lambda, but taking into account the effects of a $c$-variable into the curvature tensor. We study the model under the assumption,div(T)=0. These tactics are: Lie groups method (LM), imposing a particular symmetry, self-similarity (SS), matter collineations (MC) and kinematical self-similarity (KSS). We compare both tactics since they are quite similar (symmetry principles). We arrive to the conclusion that the LM is too restrictive and brings us to get only the flat FRW solution. The SS, MC and KSS approaches bring us to obtain all the quantities depending on \int c(t)dt. Therefore, in order to study their behavior we impose some physical restrictions like for example the condition q<0 (accelerating universe). In this way we find that $c$ is a growing time function and Lambda is a decreasing time function whose sing depends on the equation of state, w, while the exponents of the scale factor must satisfy the conditions $\sum_{i=1}^{3}\alpha_{i}=1$ and $\sum_{i=1}^{3}\alpha_{i}^{2}<1,$ $\forall\omega$, i.e. for all equation of state$,$ relaxing in this way the Kasner conditions. The behavior of $G$ depends on two parameters, the equation of state $\omega$ and $\epsilon,$ a parameter that controls the behavior of $c(t),$ therefore $G$ may be growing or decreasing.We also show that through the Lie method, there is no difference between to study the field equations under the assumption of a $c-$var affecting to the curvature tensor which the other one where it is not considered such effects.Nevertheless, it is essential to consider such effects in the cases studied under the SS, MC, and KSS hypotheses.