Magnetohydrodynamic properties of incompressible Meissner fluids

TL;DR

This paper explores the theoretical magnetohydrodynamic properties of hypothetical liquid superconductors with the Meissner effect, analyzing shape deformation, oscillation frequencies, and surface wave dispersion under external magnetic fields.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework for understanding the behavior of liquid Meissner superconductors, including shape adaptation and wave dynamics, which has not been previously studied.

Findings

Droplet elongation depends on external magnetic field strength.

Surface wave dispersion relations are modified by the Meissner effect.

Candidate realizations suggest specific wavelength regimes are most affected.

Abstract

We consider a superconducting material that exists in the liquid state, more precisely, in which the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect persists in the liquid state. First, we investigate how the shape of such a hypothetical Meissner liquid will adapt to accomodate for an applied external field. In particular, we analyse the case of a droplet of Meissner fluid, and compute the elongation of the droplet and its quadrupole frequency as a function of the applied field. Next, the influence of an applied field on the flow of the liquid is studied for the case of a surface wave. We derive the dispersion relation for surface waves on an incompressible Meissner fluid. We discuss some candidate realizations of the Meissner fluids and for the case of a superconducting colloid discuss which regime of wave lengths would be most affected by the Meissner effect.