Formation of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions

TL;DR

This paper develops a dynamical model within the DNS framework to describe superheavy nuclei formation in cold fusion, systematically analyzing isotopic trends and optimizing reaction conditions.

Contribution

It introduces a coupled channel dynamical model that incorporates nucleon transfer, providing improved predictions for superheavy nuclei formation in cold fusion reactions.

Findings

Maximal production cross sections for superheavy nuclei are calculated.

Isotopic trends and optimal reaction parameters are systematically analyzed.

Model predictions align well with experimental data.

Abstract

Within the concept of the dinuclear system (DNS), a dynamical model is proposed for describing the formation of superheavy nuclei in complete fusion reactions by incorporating the coupling of the relative motion to the nucleon transfer process. The capture of two heavy colliding nuclei, the formation of the compound nucleus and the de-excitation process are calculated by using an empirical coupled channel model, solving a master equation numerically and applying statistical theory, respectively. Evaporation residue excitation functions in cold fusion reactions are investigated systematically and compared with available experimental data. Maximal production cross sections of superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reactions with stable neutron-rich projectiles are obtained. Isotopic trends in the production of the superheavy elements Z=110, 112, 114, 116, 118 and 120 are analyzed systematically. Optimal combinations and the corresponding excitation energies are proposed.