Composite Model and CP Violation

TL;DR

This paper proposes a composite fermion-boson model with preons forming quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons, explaining CP violation, and suggesting candidates for dark energy and matter.

Contribution

It introduces a novel composite model where all elementary particles are made of preons, explaining CP violation and dark matter candidates.

Findings

CP violation arises from complex coupling constants of flavor-mixing interactions.

W and Z bosons are composite objects with scalar partners around 110-120 GeV.

The model aligns with experimental CP violation results from Belle, BaBar, and others.

Abstract

A fermion-boson-type Composite Model is proposed. Elementary fields are only one kind of spin-1/2 and spin-0 {\bf preon}. Both are in the global supersymmetric pair with the common electric charge of e/6 and belong to the fundamental representations of (3, 2, 2) under the spontaneously unbroken SU(3)_C\otimes{SU(2)}_L^{h}\otimes{SU(2)}_R^{h} gauge symmetry (h means hyper-color gauge). Preons are composed into subquarks which are intermediate clusters towards quarks and leptons. Weak interactions are residual ones of hyper-color gauge interactions. W-and Z-boson are also composite objects of subquarks, which introduces the idea of existence of their scalar partners (S) by hyper-fine-splitting whose masses would be around 110-120 GeV. The mechanism of making higher generations is obtained by adding neutral scalar subquark (y) composed of a preon-antipreon pair. Creation or annihilation of y inside quarks induces the coupling constants of flavor-mixing weak interactions which are all complex numbers (contrary to CKM-matrix elements) and then they all become sources of direct and mixing-induced CP violations. Exchange of y between quark and anti-quark inside neutral pseudo-scalar meson (P^0) gives indirect CP violation and mass-difference of P^0 and P^0. Current experimental results of CP violation (Belle, BaBar, CLEO, KTeV and NA48) are inspected by this Composite Model. This model suggests the candidates for Dark Energy and Dark Matter.