Muon multiplicity at high energy proton-nuclei collisions

TL;DR

This paper estimates muon and pion production multiplicities in high energy proton-nuclei collisions, considering QED and QCD effects, and explores the excess of positive muons in cosmic ray showers.

Contribution

It provides a new estimation method for muon multiplicities considering both QED and QCD contributions in high energy collisions.

Findings

Derived the cross-section dependence on the number of muon pairs at large n.

Explained the excess of positive muons in cosmic ray showers.

Provided estimates aligning with observed muon multiplicities.

Abstract

Estimation of multiplicity of muons and pions production at high energy proton-nuclei collisions is given. Both QED and QCD contributions are considered for peripheral kinematics of muon pair and $\sigma$-meson production, keeping in mind it's final conversion to muons. An attempt to explain the excess of positive charged muons compared to negative one in cosmic muon showers is given. We derive the dependence of cross-section of $n$ pairs as a function of $n$ at large n as $d^n(n!n^2)^{-1}$.