Wilson-t'Hooft Loops in Finite-Temperature Non-commutative Dipole Field Theory from Dual Supergravity

TL;DR

This paper explores the behavior of Wilson loops and related phenomena in finite-temperature non-commutative dipole field theories using dual supergravity, revealing temperature effects, confinement properties, and phase transitions.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of Wilson loops, confinement, and phase transitions in non-commutative dipole theories from a supergravity perspective, including new insights into quark pair distances and string behaviors.

Findings

Maximum and minimum interquark distances due to temperature and dipole effects.

Confinement persists at zero temperature with a dipole-dependent string tension.

Phase transition between rotating and static string solutions.

Abstract

We first study the temporal Wilson loop in the finite-temperature non-commutative dipole field theory from the string/gauge correspondence. The associated dual supergravity background is constructed from the near-horizon geometry of near-extremal D-branes, after applying T-duality and smeared twist. We investigate the string configuration therein and find that while the temperature produces a maximum distance $L_{max}$ in the interquark distance the dipole in there could produce a minimum distance $L_{min}$. The quark boundary pair therefore could be found only if their distance is between $L_{min}$ and $L_{max}$. We also show that, beyond a critical temperature the quark pair becomes totally free due to screening by thermal bath. We next study the spatial Wilson loop and find the confining nature in the zero temperature 3D and 4D non-supersymmetry dipole gauge theory. The string tension of the linear confinement potential is obtained and found to be a decreasing function of the dipole field. We also investigate the associated t'Hooft loop and determine the corresponding monopole anti-monopole potential. The conventional screening of magnetic charge which indicates the confinement of the electric charge is replaced by a strong repulsive however. Finally, we show that the dual string which is rotating along the dipole deformed $S^5$ will behave as a static one without dipole field, which has no minimum distance and has larger energy than a static one with dipole field. We discuss the phase transition between these string solutions.