Water Maser Kinematics in the Jet of OH 12.8-0.9

TL;DR

This study uses VLBA observations to analyze water maser kinematics in the jet of OH 12.8-0.9, revealing bipolar expansion, high velocities, and a young dynamical age of about 90 years.

Contribution

First detailed kinematic analysis of water masers in OH 12.8-0.9, confirming bipolar jet structure and measuring its three-dimensional velocity and age.

Findings

Maser regions are expanding at ~105 km/s.

The jet has an inclination angle of 24 degrees.

Dynamical age of the outflow is approximately 90 years.

Abstract

We present Very Long Baseline Array observations of the kinematics of the water masers associated with OH 12.8-0.9, the fourth member of the so-called "water fountain" class of sources. We find that the masers occupy two distinct regions at the ends of a bipolar jet-like structure oriented north-south, with the blue-shifted masers located to the north and the red-shifted masers to the south. The masers are distributed along arc-like structures 12-20 mas across oriented perpendicular to the separation axis with an angular separation of ~110 mas on the sky. Our multi-epoch observations, show the two maser arcs to be expanding away from each other along the axis of separation. The relative proper motions of the two maser regions is 2.7 mas/yr (~105 km/s at the assumed distance of 8 kpc). The measured radial velocity difference between the northern, blue-shifted masers and the southern, red-shifted masers is 48.4 km/s. The radial velocity, when combined with the proper motion, yields a three-dimensional expansion velocity of 58 km/s and an inclination angle of 24 deg. for the jet. By combining our radial velocities with historical values, we estimate the three dimensional acceleration of the masers to be ~0.63 km/s/yr and a dynamical age for the collimated outflow of ~90 yr.