Phase Transition of Trapped Nuclear Exciton of Long-lived Rhodium Mossbauer States

TL;DR

This paper reports the observation of long-lived rhodium Mossbauer emissions revealing phase transitions, exciton orderings, and photonic band gaps, with implications for gravitational wave detection and gamma laser development.

Contribution

It introduces experimental evidence of phase transitions and exciton orderings in rhodium Mossbauer states, including discovery of gamma cascade down-conversion and photonic band gaps at room temperature.

Findings

Identification of six distinct spectral phases.

Discovery of spontaneous cascade down-conversion producing entangled gammas.

Observation of photonic band gaps of several hundred eV.

Abstract

We report experimental observations of the long-lived rhodium Mossbauer emissions by the time- and energy-resolved spectroscopy. The extraordinary observations manifest the open-up of photonic band gap in analogy to the superconducting gap of remarkable symmetry breakings at transition point. These observations are of potential importance for detecting gravitational waves and development of the two-photon gamma laser. Firstly, phase transitions shown by spectral evolution of characteristic emissions reveal the different aggregate exciton orderings at room temperature. Six different phases are identified by spectra profiles emitted from the color centers. Secondly, the cascade branching of the multipolar nuclear transition is discovered being the spontaneous cascade down-conversion to generate entangled gammas. The macroscopic angular distribution of entangled gammas from the polycrystalline sample manifests a global photon-nucleus-photon bound state across the grain boundaries. Thirdly, the gamma-energy distributions depending on exciton phases reveal the photonic band gap typically on the order of several hundred eV.