Emergently Thermalized Islands in the Landscape

TL;DR

This paper proposes that large quantum fluctuations during eternal inflation could create isolated thermalized regions with radiation and matter, potentially observable and consistent with our universe.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism for island formation in the landscape via null energy condition-violating fluctuations that can produce observable cosmological signatures.

Findings

Thermalized islands can form through large quantum fluctuations in eternal inflation.

Such islands may evolve with standard cosmology and be consistent with our universe.

Potential observable signals could test this scenario in future observations.

Abstract

In this note, we point out that in the eternal inflation driven by the metastable vacua of the landscape, it might be possible that some large and local quantum fluctuations with the null energy condition violation can stride over the barriers between different vacua and straightly create some islands with radiation and matter in new vacua. Then these thermalized islands will evolve with the standard cosmology. We show that such islands may be consistent with our observable universe, while has some distinctly observable signals, which may be tested in coming observations.