TL;DR
This paper explores how Q-balls can grow by absorbing particles, using quantum mechanics to show that Q-ball condensation might be a new way for Q-balls to form in particle theories with U(1) symmetry.
Contribution
It introduces the concept of Q-ball condensation as a novel mechanism for Q-ball creation, analyzed through an exact quantum mechanical approach.
Findings
Q-balls can grow by particle absorption.
Q-ball condensation offers an alternative formation mechanism.
Quantum mechanical analysis confirms the feasibility of condensation.
Abstract
Q-balls arise in particle theories with U(1) global symmetry. The coupling of the corresponding scalar field to fermions leads to Q-ball evaporation. In this paper we consider the oposite problem, the case where a Q-ball absorbs particles to grow. In particular we shall use the exact quantum mechanical description of fermions interacting with a Q-ball to solve the problem. Results show that Q-ball condensation can be another mechanism for Q-ball creation.
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Taxonomy
TopicsBlack Holes and Theoretical Physics · Cosmology and Gravitation Theories · Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions