Entropy signature of the running cosmological constant

TL;DR

This paper explores how the scale dependence of quantum gravity parameters, especially the cosmological constant, leads to entropy production and inflation in the universe, linking quantum effects to cosmological evolution.

Contribution

It introduces a RG improved cosmological model with energy exchange, demonstrating entropy generation and natural inflation driven by quantum gravity effects.

Findings

Entropy in matter increases due to RG flow of gravitational parameters.

Universe begins with zero entropy, which is generated through quantum effects.

Power law inflation occurs immediately after the initial singularity.

Abstract

Renormalization group (RG) improved cosmologies based upon a RG trajectory of Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG) with realistic parameter values are investigated using a system of cosmological evolution equations which allows for an unrestricted energy exchange between the vacuum and the matter sector. It is demonstrated that the scale dependence of the gravitational parameters, the cosmological constant in particular, leads to an entropy production in the matter system. The picture emerges that the Universe started out from a state of vanishing entropy, and that the radiation entropy observed today is essentially due to the coarse graining (RG flow) in the quantum gravity sector which is related to the expansion of the Universe. Furthermore, the RG improved field equations are shown to possess solutions with an epoch of power law inflation immediately after the initial singularity. The inflation is driven by the cosmological constant and ends automatically once the RG running has reduced the vacuum energy to the level of the matter energy density.