Possibility of large lifetime differences in neutral B meson systems

TL;DR

This paper explores how certain new physics models, like scalar leptoquarks and R-parity violating supersymmetry, could significantly increase lifetime differences in neutral B meson systems, potentially observable in experiments.

Contribution

It demonstrates that scalar leptoquark models can notably enhance B meson lifetime differences and CP-violating phases, while R-parity violating supersymmetry has limited impact on lifetime differences but can affect CP phases.

Findings

Scalar leptoquarks can maximize lifetime difference enhancements within experimental bounds.

R-parity violating supersymmetry can increase CP-violating phase $eta_s$ up to $ extasciitilde \, extpm 20^\u00b0$.

Predicted increased branching ratios for $B_{s/d} o au^+ au^-$ decays.

Abstract

We investigate new physics models that can increase the lifetime differences in the $B_q$--$\bar{B}_q$ systems ($q = d,s$) above their standard model values. If both $B_q$ as well as $\bar{B}_q$ can decay to a final state through flavour dependent new physics interactions, the so-called Grossman bound may be evaded. As examples, we consider the scalar leptoquark model and $\lambda''$-type R-parity violating supersymmetry. We find that models with a scalar leptoquark can enhance $\Delta\Gamma_s/\Gamma_s$ all the way up to its experimental upper bound and $\Delta\Gamma_d/\Gamma_d$ to as much as $\sim 2.5%$, at the same time allowing the CP violating phase $\beta_s$ to vary between $- 45^\circ$ and $20^\circ$. R-parity violating supersymmetry models cannot enhance the lifetime differences significantly, but can enhance the value of $\beta_s$ up to $\sim \pm 20^\circ$. This may bring the values of $\Delta\Gamma_q/\Gamma_q$ as well as $\beta_s$ within the measurement capabilities of $B$ factories and LHCb. We also obtain bounds on combinations of these new physics couplings, and predict enhanced branching ratios of $B_{s/d} \to \tau^+ \tau^-$.