A novel spacetime concept for describing electronic motion within a helium atom

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new two-dimensional spacetime model to better describe electronic motion in helium atoms, challenging traditional Euclidean space and offering fresh physical insights compatible with quantum mechanics.

Contribution

The paper proposes an original two-dimensional spacetime framework that redefines electronic motion, calculus, and wave functions within atomic physics.

Findings

Atomic spacetime is non-linear and differs from Newtonian time.

Complex wave functions have new physical interpretations.

Electronic resonance in helium aligns with classical mechanics and electromagnetism.

Abstract

Euclidean space and linear algebra do not characterize dynamic electronic orbitals satisfactorily for even the motion of both electrons in an inert helium atom cannot be defined in reasonable details. Here the author puts forward a novel two-dimensional spacetime model from scratch in the context of defining both electrons in a helium atom. Space and time are treated as two orthogonal, symmetric and complementary quantities under the atomic spacetime. Electronic motion observed the rule of differential and integral operations that were implemented by dynamic trigonometric functions. It is demonstrated that the atomic spacetime is not a linear vector space with Newtonian time, and within which calculus has non-classical definition, and complex wave functions have fresh physical significances. This alternative approach is original, informative and refreshing but still compatible with quantum mechanics in the formulation. The description of electronic resonance in helium is also comparable with classical mechanics such as an oscillating pendulum and with classical electromagnetism such as an LC oscillator. The study has effectively unified complex function, calculus, and trigonometry in mathematics, and provided a prospect for unifying particle physics with classical physics on the novel spacetime platform.