Dynamical 3-Space: Alternative Explanation of the `Dark Matter Ring'

TL;DR

This paper proposes that the observed dark matter ring in galaxy cluster CL 0024+17 can be explained by a new 3-space dynamics involving constants G and alpha, eliminating the need for dark matter or dark energy in these phenomena.

Contribution

It introduces a novel 3-space dynamics model that accounts for gravitational effects traditionally attributed to dark matter and dark energy, providing alternative explanations for various astrophysical observations.

Findings

Explains gravitational lensing without dark matter

Accounts for galaxy rotation curves without dark matter

Describes supernova redshift data without dark energy

Abstract

NASA has claimed the discovery of a `Ring of Dark Matter' in the galaxy cluster CL 0024+17, see Jee M.J. et al. arXiv:0705.2171, based upon gravitational lensing data. Here we show that the lensing can be given an alternative explanation that does not involve `dark matter'. This explanation comes from the new dynamics of 3-space. This dynamics involves two constant G and alpha - the fine structure constant. This dynamics has explained the bore hole anomaly, spiral galaxy flat rotation speeds, the masses of black holes in spherical galaxies, gravitational light bending and lensing, all without invoking `dark matter', and also the supernova redshift data without the need for `dark energy'.