TL;DR
This paper introduces a novel class of orbifold constructions that enable breaking SU(N) gauge symmetry to lower rank subgroups through a new embedding mechanism involving nontrivial 't Hooft flux, without moduli.
Contribution
It presents a new method of gauge symmetry breaking on orbifolds using an innovative embedding approach that extends beyond traditional lattice mappings, including a complete classification of SU(N) breaking patterns.
Findings
New orbifold constructions for gauge symmetry breaking.
Complete classification of SU(N) breaking patterns.
Extension of results to general gauge groups.
Abstract
We describe field-theory T^2/Z_n orbifolds that offer new ways of breaking SU(N) to lower rank subgroups. We introduce a novel way of embedding the point group into the gauge group, beyond the usual mapping of torus and root lattices. For this mechanism to work the torus Wilson lines must carry nontrivial 't Hooft flux. The rank lowering mechanism proceeds by inner automorphisms but is not related to continous Wilson lines and does not give rise to any associated moduli. We give a complete classification of all possible SU(N) breaking patterns. We also show that the case of general gauge group can already be understood entirely in terms of the SU(N) case and the knowledge of standard orbifold constructions with vanishing 't Hooft flux.
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