Dark matter and the first stars: a new phase of stellar evolution

TL;DR

This paper proposes that dark matter annihilation in early protostellar halos could prevent normal star formation, leading to a new stellar phase called 'dark stars' powered by dark matter rather than nuclear fusion.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism where dark matter annihilation halts star formation, suggesting the existence of 'dark stars' as a new phase of stellar evolution.

Findings

Dark matter annihilation heats protostellar halos significantly.

Cooling mechanisms are overwhelmed by dark matter heat.

Potential observational signatures of dark stars are discussed.

Abstract

A mechanism is identified whereby dark matter (DM) in protostellar halos dramatically alters the current theoretical framework for the formation of the first stars. Heat from neutralino DM annihilation is shown to overwhelm any cooling mechanism, consequently impeding the star formation process and possibly leading to a new stellar phase. A "dark star'' may result: a giant ($\gtrsim 1$ AU) hydrogen-helium star powered by DM annihilation instead of nuclear fusion. Observational consequences are discussed.