On UHECR energy estimation algorithms based on the measurement of electromagnetic component parameters in EAS

TL;DR

This paper investigates how different hadronic interaction models affect the estimation of ultra-high energy cosmic ray energies from electromagnetic component measurements in extensive air showers, highlighting conditions that minimize model dependence.

Contribution

It introduces a method to reduce model dependence in UHECR energy estimation by aligning shower maximum and muon content across models.

Findings

Model dependence of energy conversion factor is minimized when shower maximum and muon content are consistent.

The study provides insights into the primary mass and model influence on energy estimation.

A relationship between electromagnetic energy and UHECR energy is established.

Abstract

Model calculations are performed of extensive air shower (EAS) component energies using a variety of hadronic interaction parameters. A conversion factor from electromagnetic component energy to the energy of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and its model and primary mass dependence is studied. It is shown that model dependence of the factor minimizes under the necessary condition of the same maximum position and muon content of simulated showers.