Cosmological Casimir effect with maximum planckian momentum and accelerating universe

TL;DR

This paper proposes a model where Casimir vacuum energy, influenced by a maximum Planckian momentum, drives an accelerating universe without needing a cosmological constant, aligning well with observations.

Contribution

It introduces a novel mechanism linking maximum momentum and Casimir energy to explain cosmic acceleration without a cosmological constant.

Findings

Accelerating universe achieved without cosmological constant

Casimir energy with maximum momentum fits cosmological data

Model relies on fundamental length and dispersion relation assumptions

Abstract

We develop here a mechanism that, without making use of a cosmological constant, reproduces an accelerating universe. This is done by taking into account Casimir vacuum energy density, assuming that the underlying theory allows a maximum momentum, that turns out to be the leading contribution term to Einstein equations in a large expanding FRW universe. As stated in numerous quantum gravity studies, we postulate that maximum momentum is related to the existence of the Planck length as a fundamental length. This insight, together with the assumption of a Planck scale correction to the energy/momentum dispersion-relation on a FRW background, is used here to calculate Casimir vacuum energy. We show that, under these hypothesis, an accelerated universe expansion is obtained. As last step we analyze the compatibility of the resulting model with experimental data, writing down the equation of state for Casimir energy and pressure and observing that this equation of state belongs to a class of models that naturally fits cosmological observations. We emphasize that our result relies, once a fundamental length is introduced in Casimir effect, just on general arguments thus it is independent on an explicit form of the energy-momentum dispersion relation.