Universal 2+1-Dimensional Plane Equations in General Relativity and Evolutions of Disk Nebula

TL;DR

This paper derives universal 2+1-dimensional gravitational equations in general relativity and explores how they govern the evolution of disk nebulae, including the formation of single or binary star systems.

Contribution

It introduces a new set of universal 2+1-dimensional equations in general relativity and applies them to model nebula evolution and star formation.

Findings

Binary stars are common due to nonlinear interactions.

Disk nebulae can evolve into single or binary star systems.

Linear theories only produce single star systems.

Abstract

The general relativity is the base for any exact evolutionary theory of large scale structures. We calculate the universal 2+1-dimensional plane equations of gravitational field in general relativity. Based on the equations, the evolutions of disk nebula are discussed. A system of nebula can form binary stars or single star for different conditions. While any simplified linear theory forms only a single star system. It is proved that the nonlinear interactions are very general, so the binary stars are also common.