# Coupling between magnetic ordering and structural instabilities in perovskite biferroics: A first-principles study

## TL;DR

This study uses first-principles calculations to explore how magnetic ordering influences structural instabilities in perovskite biferroics, revealing key interactions between magnetic states and lattice distortions.

## Contribution

It provides a detailed first-principles analysis of the coupling between magnetic order and structural instabilities in rare-earth and Bi-based perovskite biferroics, highlighting the role of oxygen octahedral rotations.

## Key findings

- G-type antiferromagnetic structure is most stable.
- Oxygen octahedral rotations are the dominant structural instabilities.
- Magnetic ordering affects Cr-O-Cr bond angle-related instabilities.

## Abstract

We use first-principles density functional theory-based calculations to investigate structural instabilities in the high symmetry cubic perovskite structure of rare-earth (R $=$ La, Y, Lu) and Bi-based biferroic chromites, focusing on $\Gamma$ and $R$ point phonons of states with para-, ferro-, and antiferromagnetic ordering. We find that (a) the structure with G-type antiferromagnetic ordering is most stable, (b) the most dominant structural instabilities in these oxides are the ones associated with rotations of oxygen octahedra, and (c) structural instabilities involving changes in Cr-O-Cr bond angle depend sensitively on the changes in magnetic ordering. The dependence of structural instabilities on magnetic ordering can be understood in terms of how super-exchange interactions depend on the Cr-O-Cr bond angles and Cr-O bond lengths. We demonstrate how adequate buckling of Cr-O-Cr chains can favour ferromagnetism. Born effective charges (BEC) calculated using the Berry phase expression are found to be anomalously large for the A-cations, indicating their chemical relevance to ferroelectric distortions.