# Transverse field effect in graphene ribbons

## TL;DR

This paper demonstrates how a transverse electric field can continuously and reversibly modify the electronic properties of graphene ribbons, affecting their band structure and transport characteristics, with potential device applications.

## Contribution

It reveals the dramatic effects of a transverse voltage on graphene ribbon band structures and transport properties, enabling controllable electronic behavior.

## Key findings

- Fermi surface fractures under transverse field
- Fermi velocity and effective mass change sign
- Reduction of excitation gaps

## Abstract

It is shown that a graphene ribbon, a ballistic strip of carbon monolayer, may serve as a quantum wire whose electronic properties can be continuously and reversibly controlled by an externally applied transverse voltage. The electron bands of armchair-edge ribbons undergo dramatic transformations: The Fermi surface fractures, Fermi velocity and effective mass change sign, and excitation gaps are reduced by the transverse field. These effects are manifest in the conductance plateaus, van Hove singularities, thermopower, and activated transport. The control over one-dimensional bands may help enhance effects of electron correlations, and be utilized in device applications.