# Non-resonant and Resonant X-ray Scattering Studies on Multiferroic TbMn2O5

## TL;DR

This study uses comprehensive x-ray scattering, including resonant techniques, to investigate the magnetic and ferroelectric properties of TbMn2O5, revealing multiple magnetic orders and phase transitions related to exchange striction and domain structures.

## Contribution

It provides new insights into the magnetic and ferroelectric phase transitions in TbMn2O5 through detailed resonant and non-resonant x-ray scattering analysis.

## Key findings

- Detection of forbidden Bragg peaks indicating ferroelectricity
- Multiple magnetic orders with distinct temperature dependences
- Phase transition around 24 K involving discommensuration and domain formation

## Abstract

Comprehensive x-ray scattering studies, including resonant scattering at Mn L-edge, Tb L- and M-edges, were performed on single crystals of TbMn2O5. X-ray intensities were observed at a forbidden Bragg position in the ferroelectric phases, in addition to the lattice and the magnetic modulation peaks. Temperature dependences of their intensities and the relation between the modulation wave vectors provide direct evidences of exchange striction induced ferroelectricity. Resonant x-ray scattering results demonstrate the presence of multiple magnetic orders by exhibiting their different temperature dependences. The commensurate-to-incommensurate phase transition around 24 K is attributed to discommensuration through phase slipping of the magnetic orders in spin frustrated geometries. We proposed that the low temperature incommensurate phase consists of the commensurate magnetic domains separated by anti-phase domain walls which reduce spontaneous polarizations abruptly at the transition.